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Problem nuisance animal links and information.

NE Norfolk Opossum Trapping NE Norfolk Squirrel RemovalNE Norfolk Raccoon RemovalNE Norfolk Skunk Trapper

Snake Removal NE NorfolkNE Norfolk Beaver TrappingNE Norfolk Birds RemovalNE Norfolk Feral cats

NE Norfolk Bat Removal NE Norfolk Deer NE Norfolk Dead Animal Removal NE Norfolk Rodent Removal

NE Norfolk Groundhog RemovalNE Norfolk fox NE Norfolk Coyote Trapping

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NE Norfolk Squirrel removal and NE Norfolk squirrel control can be very challenging.  It will require many different types of tools and ladders to complete this task. There are many different types of squirrel traps. Live traps in the attics aren't as effective as you might think. Trapping NE Norfolk squirrels at the roof entrance and near the entrance can be very successful  Most NE Norfolk squirrel control service work is at the roof line if the house or dwelling. Properly trained & licensed exclusion professionals will make NE Norfolk squirrel Removal, problem free. NE Norfolk animal control officers will respond free of charge when a squirrel is in the living areas of your home. How to Trap Squirrels & trapping Squirrels Squirrel Removal Prevention Choose  NE Norfolk squirrel Removal

NE Norfolk Raccoon Removal and NE Norfolk Racccoon Trapping is very dangerous work. NE Norfolk Raccoons have a higher possibility of carrying rabies and will be aggressive if cornered in the attic or inside your chimney. Most county and state animal control officials will respond to a NE Norfolk raccoon inside you living areas of your home at no charge. When the NE Norfolk raccoon takes up residence in your yard, crawlspace, attic, and chimney then you need a professional. Most NE Norfolk wildlife removal and control professionals have had a rabies pre-exposure vaccine administered to them. A contaminated attic may need Attic Decontamination is a most after removing these animals. Look here for Center for Diseses Control  information on NE Norfolk raccoon fecal matter removal.

NE Norfolk Skunk Removal and NE Norfolk Skunk control will always be unpredictable. The spray from a NE Norfolk skunk can linger for weeks. unless you are very brave and or very confident, always have a NE Norfolk skunk professional remove these friendly but smelly creatures. Dogs that get sprayed by the NE Norfolk skunk usaully try to rub the smell from a NE Norfolk skunk onto your carpet or couch.  

NE Norfolk Opossum trapping and NE Norfolk opossum removal is less dangerous than most other wildlife control. it is still not for everyone.  The opossum is part of the kangaroo family. usually the opossum resides in the lower areas of your dwelling. The NE Norfolk opossum usually feeds on the dead caucus of other animals. Trapping NE Norfolk opossums removal and exclusion is the best way to handle these creatures. These NE Norfolk opossums are sometimes referred to NE Norfolk possums

NE Norfolk Snake Removal NE Norfolk snakes get the worst publicity of all. They have been feared since biblical times. Although NE Norfolk snakes are sometimes thought to stalk humans that's quite untrue. they're very east to predict. Food, heat and water is all they pursue. Take any of these things out of the equation and the snake leaves. NE Norfolk Wildlife control professionals know how to remove the factors and then remove the NE Norfolk snake problem.

NE Norfolk Beaver Removal NE Norfolk Beavers destroy man made habitat, but create much needed wetlands. The NE Norfolk beaver will never stop tearing down trees and blocking waterways. Most humans cannot tolerate beavers when they devour the ornamental trees that humans plant . Tree replacement can be very expensive. some trees such as weeping cherry and weeping willows can be hundreds of dollars to replace and NE Norfolk beavers can fall 5 trees per night. If you remove these trees the NE Norfolk beaver will fall anither tree the next night olny to eat the tops first.

NE Norfolk Bird Removal from Vents NE Norfolk birds crap all over everything. from NE Norfolk starlings nesting in vents to NE Norfolk pigeons roosting at areas where humans do business, NE Norfolk birds create many environmental hazards..After Having the NE Norfolk Birds it is very important to have the area decontaminated.Bird Netting And bird Spikes in NE Norfolk are good solutions to your NE Norfolk bird control methods

NE Norfolk Bat Removal Bats in NE Norfolk are considered carriers of rabies and should be excluded by professionals.  There are to many variables in which to consider in NE Norfolk bat control and exclusion. Every situation in NE Norfolk is unique and should be evaluated and handled by a NE Norfolk licensed wildlife animal control professional. Experience is the key in removing these NE Norfolk Bats. From vents with a maternity colony to completely infested buildings, NE Norfolk bat exclusion work is the most detailed work that can be done by the NE Norfolk Bat certified professional. After removing NE Norfolk bats in the attic one should consider NE Norfolk attic decontamination for further protection against disease.

NE Norfolk Armadillo Removal    The nine-banded or long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, is a common but non-native inhabitant of NE Norfolk Florida and the only armadillo present in the U.S. Because of its often destructive feeding and burrowing habits in both rural and urban settings, most people who have an NE Norfolk armadillo around their home consider it a serious pest. There are actually about 20 species of armadillos in the world and for information on the biology and behavior of these interesting NE Norfolk critters I highly recommend the Web site http://www.msu.edu/~nixonjos/armadillo.    My purpose here is to demonstrate a successful method of capturing and removing NE Norfolk armadillos in an effective, safe and humane manner. While the nine-banded armadillo plays a useful ecological role by consuming large quantities of insects as food, when they take up residence in your yard, garden or worse, dig burrows under your buildings, they can be very destructive and an extreme nuisance.

NE Norfolk Armadillos are usually active at night, but do forage in the early morning and evening hours. In my yard in north NE Norfolk Florida, I have observed a family of young NE Norfolk armadillos (see image below) foraging on an overcast day in mid afternoon. Full grown NE Norfolk armadillos can dig large holes in the soil and in one night of foraging can ruin large patches of lawn or garden. I often encounter problems with NE Norfolk armadillos the night after I spend time working in my garden. They dig around (and destroy) newly-planted flowers that I watered right after planting, particularly during dry weather. Suppressing the insect populations in the lawn will help reduce NE Norfolk armadillo damage, but this effort has its own negative side effects if certain pesticides are used.    NE Norfolk Armadillo reproduction is interesting and unique in that four identical young (quadruplets) from a single egg are produced in each litter. NE Norfolk Armadillos are sexually mature at about one year of age and live reportedly for 12 to15 years. Little wonder than that they occur in high densities commonly in NE Norfolk Florida. NE Norfolk Armadillos roam far and wide with a home range found to be over 12 acres in NE Norfolk Florida studies. Thus, combating NE Norfolk armadillos around the home will be a never-ending chore. As one is removed another will likely find the open territory.

Methods of removal: Many methods have been suggested for exclusion or removal of NE Norfolk armadillos from a yard or other area where they are causing problems. Constructing a strong exclusion fence buried in the ground a foot or so is both expensive and impractical. I have tried most of the trap methods and have found that most are ineffective, require uncommonly available or messy equipment (baits such as earthworms) or some strange behavior like getting up in the middle of the night to chase them with a net. There is an easier way if you use your head and some relatively cheap and readily available equipment. You don't need messy baits, you just exploit the behavior of the NE Norfolk armadillo and let them catch themselves at your convenience. Here is how.

Equipment::You will need a strong metal trap. I highly recommend the Haverhart traps that can be purchased from a NE Norfolk garden supply catalog or NE Norfolk garden center for about $35. I also recommend using traps of smaller size, around 7 x 7 x 24 inches  as the larger traps are not strong enough to contain a large NE Norfolk armadillo determined to escape. I have found that the nine-banded NE Norfolk armadillo is able to bend the metal rods in the trap door and escape from the larger traps   When captured, NE Norfolk armadillos will repeatedly run as hard and as fast as they can inside the trap to butt the ends or sides of the trap in an effort to escape. They possess strong legs with large sturdy claws for digging (see image below) that provide them excellent traction, strength and leverage to attempt escape.    The other tool you need, portable garden or yard fencing, may be purchased at a NE Norfolk hardware store or NE Norfolk garden center for less than $15.00. I use the type which comes in 24-inch sections. They are about 12 inches in height, including the stakes at the bottom that enable the sections to be placed solidly in the soil. You need at least four sections of fence to use with one trap    

Setting the trap: The trap along with the fence sections work together to form a funnel. NE Norfolk Armadillos have fantastic noses but apparently poor eyesight. They can be easily "channeled" toward and into a trap. The best location for trap placement is near the entrance of a burrow (see image above). However, this method works sometimes in the open if you set up a large funnel type area with the yard fence as described next    First place the fence sections around the burrow entrance such that the emerging NE Norfolk armadillo will be forced to move in the direction of the channel formed by the fence. The fence sections should be placed about 12 inches apart in parallel to form the channel or corridor    I recommend placing the fencing to form the channel around the burrow without the trap for a few nights before adding the Haverhart trap to allow the armadillo to get accustomed to it, although this may not always be necessary and could be counter productive. NE Norfolk Armadillo burrows often have multiple entrances and there may be more than one burrow in your yard. Therefore, an armadillo may not return to the same burrow or use the same entry hole every day.

Make sure that the fence sections are placed such that they overlap on the outside and not inside the formed channel. That is the fence should form sides that are smoothly overlapping in the direction from the burrow toward the trap . After a day or two with the fence in place, set the trap door and place the trap at the far end of the fence channel to make the funnel. Make sure that the fence sections adjoining the trap overlap the trap on the outside edges next to the door. Also, if the soil is uneven, it may be helpful to place a board, stone or soil under the trap so that the trap entrance is level such that the armadillo will have no problem entering. Baits (earthworms, fresh fruit) are not necessary using this trap method, but can be placed inside the trap as an added attraction. Set the trap before dusk and check it again in the morning.

A modification of the two-sided funnel method placed near a burrow, is to use a wall, fence or other existing lengthy obstacle in the yard that will serve the same purpose in directing the movement of the roaming armadillos. This has the added advantage of covering more space and increasing the likelihood that an armadillo present will reach the trap. Place the trap tightly against the obstacle. The addition of some fencing as described above on the opposite side of the trap from the obstacle will also help increase capture rate.

Captured NE Norfolk armadillos can be released back into the wild some miles from the capture site or disposed of humanely.

Depending upon the location and conditions of the yard with respect to food availability and that of the surrounding habitat, after some time a new NE Norfolk armadillo is likely to move into your territory. So this is a never ending battle. Good Luck!

Lets Get Started

NE Norfolk residents love the outdoors: outdoor recreation, trapping, wildlife watching, hunting, fishing, gardening, hiking and camping in addition to NE Norfolk adventure sports like rock climbing, white water rafting and canoeing, skiing and other activities. Many NE Norfolk residents enjoy simply watching wildlife. Nest boxes for birds, NE Norfolk bats, NE Norfolk squirrels, NE Norfolk raccoons, armadillos, snakes, opossums and other wildlife are popular items purchased or constructed by many people. NE Norfolk residents spend large amounts of money feeding wildlife -- primarily birds. In addition, gardening, landscaping and wildlife observation are popular past times for young and old alike. While many NE Norfolk residents enjoy watching wildlife, sometimes wildlife interferes with other human activities. Wildlife eat our birdseed, dig up our gardens and landscape plants, and eat or damage our fruit, flowers and vegetables. When wildlife populate a place where they are unwanted or cause damage to valuable plants or structures, they are no longer appreciated. Instead they become a nuisance and need to be trapped and removed. We will discuss some basic principles for dealing humanely with nuisance wildlife.

Dont Break the Law / Legal Issues

NE Norfolk State and federal laws protect nearly all NE Norfolk wildlife. These laws regulate which species can be harassed, harvested, trapped, hunted or harmed. Wildlife are generally defined as free-ranging, terrestrial animals. Fish are usually treated separately by the states. This definition excludes feral animals like cats. Generally, all NE Norfolk wildlife are protected and cannot be harmed. This usually includes snakes, lizards, frogs and toads, and all wild animals. There are exceptions, and you should learn the laws if you work with nuisance wildlife. These laws can be found on the website of the state agency responsible for wildlife protection. In NE Norfolk, that agency is the Wildlife Resources Division (WRD) of the NE Norfolk Department of Natural Resources (DNR)  All native birds are federally protected in the United States by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/migtrea.html). Non-native and non-protected exotics are the House Sparrow , European Starling , Domestic Pigeon or Rock Dove , the Monk parakeet , and the Eurasian collared dove . This law is a strict liability law with no requirement to prove intent. This means that enforcement is absolute and not discretionary. NE Norfolk residents may not pursue, hunt, take, capture, kill or possess at any time any migratory bird or any part, nest or egg. This includes all feathers, eggs, shells, nest or other part. Federal salvage permits are required to possess any bird. For the purposes of this law, all birds are considered migratory. The best advice is to leave all birds alone and as you find them. Licensed rehabilitators only can care for injured birds. Other bird protection laws include the Bald Eagle Protection Act (http://ipl.unm.edu/cwl/fedbook/eagleact.html) and the Endangered Species Act (http://endangered.fws.gov/ESA/ESA.html). NE Norfolk residents can protect property from wildlife committing or about to commit damage. NE Norfolk residents can obtain permits to trap house mice because, as an exotic species, they are not protected. Consider lethal measures as a last resort, however. Most NE Norfolk residents can deal quite effectively with wildlife using safe, non-lethal means.

Wildlife Removal Help Is Available

NE Norfolk residents seeking assistance for dealing with nuisance wildlife have several avenues available to them. Options are outlined here. County Agriculture Extension Agent -- located in most NE Norfolk counties, the county agent will provide advice on nuisance wildlife control, damage prevention and individual removal. NE Norfolk agencies may also lend you traps and can supply printed literature for many problems a homeowner is likely to encounter. NE Norfolk State Wildlife Biologists -- may offer advice and programs. Conservation or law enforcement officers (Game Wardens) may issue permits for taking nuisance wildlife. U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Wildlife Services -- a federal agency that deals with nuisance wildlife in both municipal and agriculture settings. Wildlife Services offer two support levels:  Technical Advice -- handouts, videos, verbal support and/or they will sell or loan you a trap, conduct field demonstrations. Operational Support -- they will perform certain work for landowners for a fee. A signed contract is required. In NE Norfolk, contact Wildlife Services Nuisance Wildlife Control Operators (NWCO; pronounced "newco"). These individuals own and operate their own wildlife control business and charge for their services removing, via trapping or exclusion, NE Norfolk raccoons, NE Norfolk skunks, NE Norfolk squirrels, snakes, opossums, and most wildlife that is not protected. They are licensed by the state and most are insured and can often be located in the phone book under "NE Norfolk Pest Control" or "NE Norfolk Animal Removal Services". These NE Norfolk wildlife operators are different from the common termite control service providers and one should not be confused with the other. These NE Norfolk wildlife operators are also different from the county "dog catcher" or "Animal Control Officer." Animal control usually will not catch a NE Norfolk skunk or snake for a homeowner, but there is a lot of variability here and each county and situation is different. One should not use a pest control (bug guy) business to remove animals, unless that pest control business is licensed for wildlife removal.

You Are the Solution / Do what the wildlife control operator advises

As a NE Norfolk homeowner if you do not want to hire someone there are several options available for the do-it-yourselfer. What follows are some simple guidelines to assist the homeowner in solving their nuisance wildlife problem.

Rules of Thumb

NE Norfolk Wildlife needs three things -- food, water and shelter. Remove anyone of these and the animals will go somewhere else. But remember: Treat the problem not the symptom.

Example No. 1: There is a NE Norfolk opossum in the shed eating the dog/cat food.

Wrong Answer -- trap the opossum and relocate it. This will provide a short-term solution but not solve the problem. In a few days, another hungry animal will be back in the shed.

Right Answer -- seal the pet food in a container with a tight fitting lid, seal openings to the shed, and relocate the opossum. This removes the problem (pet food in an open and accessible container) and the symptom (a hungry opossum).

Problem solved.

Example No. 2 -- NE Norfolk Moles digging up the yard.

Wrong Answer -- trap the NE Norfolk mole. This kills one mole.

Right Answer -- treat yard for grubs, trap the mole, and reduce watering. This will remove the offending animal, the food source that attracted the mole and the conditions that favor the grubs.

Learnthe biology of the animal. NE Norfolk Moles eat insects and earthworms. Watering may lure the insects and earthworms to near the surface. NE Norfolk Moles look there for food.

Animal Signs

When diagnosing animal damage problems, you should look for signleft by the animal. Almost all NE Norfolk animals leave signs -- some are more obvious, some are easier to identify, but the sign is usually there some where. Droppings are often readily observed, especially for NE Norfolk mammals. Fresh droppings are black, shiny and moist. Old droppings are dry, brown or gray. Black and white droppings could be from a bird, snake or lizard. Sizeis important for identification. NE Norfolk Rats, NE Norfolk mice, NE Norfolk chipmunks and NE Norfolk toads leave droppings the size of a rice grain. NE Norfolk Rabbit droppings are pea size and usuallybrown. NE Norfolk Deer droppings are large ovals and could be deposited loosely or in a large clump, depending on diet. Even in a clump, individual pellets can be easily recognized.

Another obvious sign of NE Norfolk animal damage is digging. Here again there are important clues to the culprit. Diameter of the hole is a clue to the size of animal culprit. If a dirt mound is present, this could be due to a NE Norfolk woodchuck, NE Norfolk turtle, NE Norfolk armadillo or NE Norfolk coyote. If a dirt mound is not present,this could indicate a NE Norfolk chipmunk, NE Norfolk skunk, NE Norfolk mole or NE Norfolk vole. Tunnels in the dirt but near the surface are likely a NE Norfolk mole or vole. Remember, moles eat insects,earthworms or grubs. NE Norfolk Voles eat plants and plant parts like bulbs,roots, tubers or bark. Try this simple procedure to distinguish moles from voles.

Apple test -- place a piece of apple in the tunnel under a board; if the apple is eaten, it is a vole; if not, it is a mole.

And finally, armadillos dig an inverted, cone shaped hole, 3-4 inches deep and 1-2 inches in diameter.

Other sign includes gnawing. Look for the size of tooth marks and the size of the stem or root gnawed. This will be a clue to vole, chipmunk, squirrel, beaver or rabbit. Also consider browsing by deer. Deer lack upper incisors. If leaves are pulled and have a ragged end, then deer are likely to blame. However, if leaves are clipped or bitten with clean, sharp ends, then the offender is likely to be a rabbit, squirrel or wood rat. Also, if branches are cut, then consider the squirrel or rabbit as the responsible party. Finally, ask "What was the height where damage occurred?" Deer can easily reach 4½ to 6 feet up the stem while rabbits and woodchucks reach about 1 foot or more. Vole and chipmunk damage is usually close to the ground and could be restricted to roots.

There are others signs of nuisance wildlife as well. One annoying habit of wildlife invaders is noise. Noise inside a wall could be mice. Noise inside the attic or crawl space could be mice, NE Norfolk bats, NE Norfolk squirrels, NE Norfolk raccoons, NE Norfolk skunks, opossums or birds. Noise in a chimney often suggests the culprit is a squirrel, raccoon, birds or bats. Attic noise at night could be NE Norfolk mice,NE Norfolk bats or NE Norfolk flying squirrels, while attic noise during the day could be NE Norfolk gray squirrels.

Do not overlook some simple clues such as time of day. A nocturnal (active at night) animal like wood rat, NE Norfolk raccoon, NE Norfolk skunk or opossum causes holes or other dam-age to appear overnight. Holes that appear during the day are caused by diurnal (active during the day) animals such as NE Norfolk squirrel, chipmunks or woodchucks. If damage is to a bird feeder due to NE Norfolk squirrel activity, try moving the bird feeder away from house, deck rail or tree limbs. You could also mount the feeder on a slick pole or add a predator guard.

Citizen Options for NE Norfolk Nuisance Wildlife Issues

Before you panic, spend a lot of money to hire someone or sell your house think of the model we will define as H-E-R-L. Work through this model and you may be able to solve most problems. The letters in the HERL model stand for specific actions you, as the homeowner, can take to deal with many nuisance wildlife situations. The steps in the model are outlined below.

Step 1: H - Habitat Modification

The steps undertaken to make a habitat unattractive are often the opposite of activities a homeowner might undertake to encourage NE Norfolk wildlife and create backyard habitat. It is often difficult or impossible to both create habitat for NE Norfolk wildlife you want to encourage and, at the same time, remove habitat to discourage wildlife. The animals cannot tell the difference and often you will be left with both attracting wildlife and dealing with nuisance species in the same habitat. By remembering and following these steps, however, you can enhance your enjoyment of wildlife around your home.    Without habitat (such as, cover to hide in or food to eat) the animal will leave.    Remember this simple equation: No cover = no mice = no snakes.

NE Norfolk Homeowner remedies

Mow tall grass -- many pest species (such as mice) like weedy, un-mowed areas. They attract predators (such as snakes) to this food source.    Remove piles    Brush piles    Log piles    Firewood piles    Rock piles    Debris and Trash    Bricks - stones - concrete    Buckets and flower pots    Cars - tires - toys    Spray herbicide    Roundup®, Spectracide®, Weed-B-Gone® are some examples. This will remove tall weeds, briars and vines to remove habitat. Homeowners are cautioned to read and carefully follow all label restrictions when working with herbicides. Cut dead trees and limbs Removes roosting and nesting places for NE Norfolk bats, NE Norfolk flying squirrels and woodpeckers. This will remove food (insects) for woodpeckers. Clean out old birdhouses and discard old nests. Rule-of-Thumb Learn the habits, preferences and requirements of the offending animal(s) and remove or modify the habitat to make your yard unattractive to wildlife pests.

Step 2: E -- Exclusion THE BEST SOLUTION

This option includes using fencing or other solid materials to exclude wildlife by creating a physical barrier.    For large animals (such as wild pigs or dogs) use welded wire or "hog" wire with a 2" x 4" mesh size about 48"-60" tall.     Chain link fence also works but is more expensive.    Wooden fence also works.    Stake or secure the fence firmly to the ground    For deer, fences should be 8 feet tall or more to ensure success, but even this is not guaranteed because deer can crawl under a fence, fences can be damaged by falling limbs, or trees or other factors can allow deer inside.    For small animals such as opossum, woodchuck, NE Norfolk raccoon, NE Norfolk fox or NE Norfolk squirrel use chicken wire, hardware cloth or electric fence.    Chicken wire -- 2 feet tall and buried 6-12 inches for diggers like rabbits, NE Norfolk skunks, opossums and NE Norfolk armadillos    Hardware cloth -- ¼ to ½ inch mesh, 1-2 feet tall and also buried 6-12 inches will exclude chipmunks, moles, voles and other small animals from gardens and flower beds. This can be combined with decorative fence around flowerbeds and shrubbery.    For certain large animals, like deer, use an electric fence. Many brands are available, including single strand "hot-tape," which consists of vinyl webbing imbedded with fine conducting wires. This is usually hooked to a 12-volt battery or 110-volt household current. Some models use solar power or D cell batteries and are very effective.    Spreading peanut butter on the wire or wires (or on aluminum foil attached to the wires) will encourage the deer (or other animals) to contact the fence and receive a mild shock, which should deter future contact. These fences will deter some animals but do not have enough energy to injure animals or people.

In addition to fencing, other materials are often used to exclude animals from dwellings.    Chimneys -- capped to prevent raccoons, NE Norfolk bats, NE Norfolk squirrels and birds from entering.    Soffit vents -- keep in good repair; often used as entry point for insects, NE Norfolk bats, and birds.    Gable end of house/barn -- block animals by using hardware cloth or screens but maintain airflow to cool attic and buildings. This is often the entry point for NE Norfolk flying squirrels, NE Norfolk gray squirrels, NE Norfolk bats and birds like pigeons, wrens, house sparrows, European starlings and swallows.    Windows and doors -- These are entry points for snakes, bugs, mice and some large animals like NE Norfolk raccoons and opossums if the doors on garages or sheds are not closed or properly sealed.    Close doors and windows; repair screens and maintain proper weather seal.    Dryer vent -- entry for snakes and mice.    Cover vent with screen large enough to vent hot dryer air but to exclude animals.

Caution: needs to be cleaned regularly to prevent lint accumulation.    Seal around vent with expanding foam or weather seal.    Pipes and cables -- electric lines, phone line, satellite or cable TV line.    Mice and NE Norfolk bats can enter through a dime-sized hole.    Seal with expanding foam or weather seal.

Step 3: R - Removal or Repellents / DO NOT RELY ON REPELLENTS ALONE

Removal -- trap offending animal and relocate to a safe area ½ to 5 miles away. Move larger animals a greater distance. Remember -- you must have permission of the landowner and possibly a permit issued by NE Norfolk DNR before relocating wildlife. Check with your local conservation officer.

In many states it is illegal to relocate animals. Check with the NE Norfolk wildlife agency before moving animals.

This only treats the symptom and not the problem. It moves the offending animal to someone else's property. Generally, it is illegal to release animals on to someone else's property, and they don't want the animal in the first place. Some research has shown that translocated animals rarely survive the stress of being inserted into a strange habitat. They wander about looking for a territory and are killed by vehicles or resident animals.

Better to solve the problem using a humane but lethal trap. However, if live trapping is a solution, then there are several safe and effective trap designs.    Traps such as Hav-a-Hart® or Tomahawk® are live capture traps.    Glue boards for mice and snakes will allow them to be released unharmed. Pour vegetable oil on the trap to dissolve the glue and release the animal.    Use gloves.

Do not attempt to handle snakes or other animals if you cannot positively identify the creature.

Use a bucket or boxes to remove the animal from the trap or encourage the animal into box with gloves and a stick or broom.    Place bucket over the animal and then slide a piece of cardboard under the bucket before turning the bucket right side up.    Use a net to remove frogs, birds or small mammals from garden ponds, window wells or holes.    Traps and glue boards can be purchased at home improvement stores, farm and gardens suppliers, the Internet, sporting goods stores or from forestry supply companies. The Internet or phonebook are good places to locate suppliers. A call to your county agent or wildlife extension specialist will often lead you to appropriate suppliers or they may have traps you can borrow.

Repellents

Repellents are widely used to discourage NE Norfolk animal damage. There are many types and some with unbelievable claims of success. Remember the old adage -- "If it sounds too good to be true, it is!" Repellents that work with sound waves are generally not effective.    Effective repellents work with taste, fear or odor.    Taste repellents render a plant unpalatable to the animal.    Fear invoking stimuli are said to elicit an instinctual response such as a deer reacting to predator urine.    Odor repellents smell bad to the animal. Since most animals have a sense of smell hundreds or thousands of times better than our own, even small amounts may prove effective. Some odor repellents may be useless and little more than "urban legends."    Many repellents work in some situations and not others, or work for a time and then loose their effectiveness. Success seems to depend on timing, the density of the NE Norfolk animals, the hunger of the animals, and the prior conditioning of the animal. It is better to prevent an animal from browsing your plants than to stop them once they learned to enjoy the taste.    Fertilized plants or plants in the early stages of growth are usually damaged more than older, coarse, or sick plants.

NE Norfolk Animal Repellents

These products are available from home improvement stores, farm and garden suppliers, nurseries, the Internet or forestry supply companies. Most are available in ready-to-use form; some require mixing with water. Most are sprayed on plants. However, some are not labeled for use on edible crops or vegetable gardens. Read and follow all label restrictions.    Human hair, soap, cat urine, garlic and many other remedies have been suggested with varying degrees of success. This table lists some of the commercially available products, some of which have been tested in controlled experiments.    In general, it seems that a combination of repellents or repellents and physical barriers provide the most effective solution to preventing damage to landscape and garden plants.    Other forms of repellent work with tactile or visual senses.    Tactile -- water spray; motion activated sprinklers are relatively new to the market and not yet widely tested.

Light -- bright lights, strobe lights or lasers have been suggested as repellents for deer, rabbits, roost birds (especially pigeons) and other wildlife. They may work for a time but the long-term effectiveness is unknown.

Scare -- eye balloon, scarecrow, silhouette on window, owl or snake figure, pyrotechnics (noise makers). Each of these devices will provide some relief in some circumstances.

Generally, success or failure depends on the size of the NE Norfolk animal population, palatability or growth stage of the plants, type of damage, hunger of the animal and conditioning of the NE Norfolk animal.    Let's review for a moment. Always remember that if it sounds too good to be true -- it probably is. In general, sonic devices that claim to repel animals with sound waves that only the animal can hear probably are not effective. Always use common sense and good judgement before spending money on repellent items that make unbelievable claims of effectiveness.    Here is a list of other products that have been tried as repellents. NE Norfolk Homeowners can experiment with each until they find a product or combination that produces satisfactory results.

Capsaicin --     Miller's Hot Sauce®    Deer Away® -- not for use on edible crops; place a band around plants or garden    Castor Oil    Suggested for moles -- untested    Egg Solids

Mixed with mint oil and sprayed on plants    Big Game Repellent® -- BGR -- non-edible plants    Deer Away® -- Soluble Powder -- rated #1 in a study at Auburn University    Garlic -- placed in mesh bags and hung on plants or around garden    Soap -- questionable effectiveness    Hinder® -- may work for deer and rabbits    Human Hair -- questionable    Naphthalene (Moth Balls, Moth Flakes)

Said to repel NE Norfolk squirrels, rabbits and NE Norfolk bats    Quantity needed to be effective may sicken most people    Should NEVER be used or recommended    Predator Urine -- questionable; may attract unwanted visitors    Methyl Anthranilate -- natural compound found in gardenias and Concord grapes (grape juice may repel Canada Geese).    Water-soluble, must be re-applied after rain.    When sprayed on lawns, it seems to deter grazing by Canada geese and other birds such as gulls, starlings, brown-headed cowbirds and ducks.    

Step 4: L -- NE Norfolk Lethal Control

This may require permits from federal and/or state wildlife agencies but generally is allowed for homeowners dealing with a small number of pests. Remember that wildlife, especially birds, are protected. Even if only one woodpecker is causing damage, a federal (and possibly state) permit is required.

Trapping    Live trap or kill trap -- what should you do with a live, trapped animal?

NE Norfolk Live trapping is not recommended for homeowners when dealing with animals such as NE Norfolk raccoons or NE Norfolk skunks, which can transmit rabies. Generally the animal is disposed of; many localities require testing for rabies. Leave this type of trapping to professionals. Generally, homeowners should not attempt to live capture wild animals. If, however, you are prepared to undertake live trapping, then consider these guidelines.

Once caught, the animal will be aggressive. Approach the trap slowly and quietly, cover it with a cloth, relocate the animal 5 miles away but remember, is may be illegal or ill advised to move animals. Call a NE Norfolk professional in these situations or consult the NE Norfolk fish and wildlife agency.

Several brands of traps are available for live capturing animals. Most are wire but some are solid or fully enclosed.    Place traps near burrows or runways. Face trap into opening or hiding cover.    Cover the trap to provide a dark area more attractive to animals.    Protect trap from children and pets.    Protect trapped animal from harassment by pets or exposure to sun, rain or snow.    Use simple baits similar to natural foods.    For predators or carnivores, use canned cat food or sardines.    For herbivores, use peanut butter or sliced apples. Peanuts, sunflower seeds, peanut butter and oatmeal balls, walnuts or pecans may also work.

Kill traps, mouse and rat traps are readily available to most NE Norfolk homeowners; they are simple to use and relatively harmless to humans.

Bait with peanut butter -- a small amount on the bait pad    Place the trap so the bait pan is next to the wall     Other types of traps are multi-catch mousetraps; pigeon traps with swinging, one-way doors and numerous other designs. Consult a nuisance wildlife operator for details.    Poison Bait -- Many homeowners can use a poison bait to control rats and mice or other small rodents. These baits are sold at home improvement stores, lawn and garden stores or hardware stores.

Place bait in areas where animals are active -- look for droppings, nest material or food caches.    Place bait inside a shoe box that has had 1 or 2 holes cut in it will encourage mice into a dark, safe area for feeding.    Use caution with poison baits.    Animals do not die immediately -- it may take several feedings. The animal may die in an inaccessible place (attic, duct work, crawl space, inside a wall) and produce unpleasant odors.    Some animals, like chipmunks, may horde the bait thus leaving a homeowner to think the bait is ineffective. Be patient or try trapping.

Protect NE Norfolk children and pets from poison baits.

Baits are best used in an outside building or under careful observation.    Other traps include glue boards that contain a non-toxic glue that animals like mice and snakes run or crawl across and become stuck. They can be safely released by pouring vegetable oil on the board to dissolve the glue.

Summary

Many other items and remedies have been suggested. Most are untested but appear to have some value in limited situations. Try a variety of approaches to solving your specific problem and see what works. Remember, many solutions are temporary. Animals learn to avoid our traps or get accustomed to various odors, sprays, scare devices or other solutions. In general, noise repellents are not proven to be effective against moles, NE Norfolk bats or rodents. Snakes are deaf, so this won't work for them either. Powders such as naphthalene or sulphur may have some limited effectiveness in confined situations but are not likely to be effective when broadcast over a large area. In fact, these common chemicals can be harmful if used incorrectly. Always read and follow labels.

Other products that claim to be effective may not have been tested in controlled environments and should be viewed with caution. Always read labels and follow directions. Do not apply pesticides or toxicants without proper safety equipment and training. Do not use in a manner inconsistent with the safety label.

Additional Resources

Numerous books are available about dealing with wildlife in home and garden situations. Local libraries and on-line bookstores may carry these items. County agricultural extension agents (http://www.caes.uga.edu/extension/) are an excellent source of information, knowledge, reading material and, sometimes, they sponsor classes or clinics for gardening and landscaping. The Internet has a vast amount of information, if you spend the time searching. A very valuable source of information is the Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management at the University of Nebraska (http://icwdm.org). Other sites include Land Grant University Extension Service Web pages, state wildlife departments, on-line bookstores, and both private and commercial product Web pages. It is good advice to remember that if something sounds too good to be true, it probably is. And in general, when dealing with nuisance wildlife, often several techniques used together work best. Patience is often necessary as well as some imagination.

Your county agricultural and natural resource agent or state wildlife specialist can offer other suggestions and specific advice for dealing with nuisance wildlife.

NE Norfolk Raccoon removal is very serious work and needs a NE Norfolk professional trappers touch. Fixing NE Norfolk Squirrel damage should be done with sheet metal not wire mesh unless at a vent. NE Norfolk Birds in vents are usually nesting. NE Norfolk Opossum under deck require trapping and the deck needs exclusion work to keep the NE Norfolk opossum from re entering next year. NE Norfolk Groundhog damage can range from gardens being destroyed to digging under the concrete stoop. NE Norfolk Chipmunks digging holes can look like a NE Norfolk rat infestation. NE Norfolk Raccoon in chimney will need to have the NE Norfolk chimney treated for fleas. NE Norfolk Skunk removal is sNE Norfolky business, not to mention the digging under the concrete, wait until you slam the door and the NE Norfolk skunk sprays. NE Norfolk Bird problems can range to NE Norfolk pigeons to NE Norfolk starlings,all of them poop everywhere. look for 3" holes atop your house and nest material hanging down to identify a NE Norfolk Squirrel in soffit, complicated work can be NE Norfolk Snake exclusion. NE Norfolk Beaver control can and will save your ornamental trees Dangerous animal control can be Badger damage The olny way to save your plants roots is through Mole removal. Vole control keeps NE Norfolk rodents away from your home. ladders are always used in NE Norfolk Bat removal. Dryer vent cleaning is necessary when NE Norfolk birds have there young inside, the nest material is very flammable. NE Norfolk Raccoons in attic leave poop everywhere and it needs to be cleaned out. NE Norfolk Squirrel removal will save your electrical wires. NE Norfolk bird net and spikes are forms of NE Norfolk Bird control. NE Norfolk Opossum damage can be a NE Norfolk dead caucus under your deck. NE Norfolk Groundhog removal will save your garden. NE Norfolk Chipmunk damage, NE Norfolk trapping is the best method of control for NE Norfolk Skunks under porch. a NE Norfolk Snake in house will give you a heart attack. NE Norfolk Birds in duct leave grass and straw, and need to be removed be sure to screen your vent after words. Save a tree practice NE Norfolk Beaver removal in the winter. NE Norfolk Badgers digging holes will break your horses legs. NE Norfolk Mole control. A Vole, also known as field mice or meadow mice can cause damage to your electrical system in your home by gnawing on wires, heating elements will burn up when your Dryer vent is clogged. NE Norfolk Bats in house usually mean NE Norfolk bats in the attic. NE Norfolk Raccoons in your soffit usually mean they have entered through a vent, NE Norfolk Squirrels in your attic often leave excrement and urine which is can cause sickness, NE Norfolk Bird proofing often involves screening off open areas where NE Norfolk birds can roost , NE Norfolk Opossum removal should be handled by a trained NE Norfolk professional as they can be aggressive animals, NE Norfolk Woodchuck damage can cause flooding on your property, NE Norfolk live trapping is used for NE Norfolk Chipmunk control, A NE Norfolk Skunk under your porch should not be approached as it may be started and spray, NE Norfolk Raccoon in a soffit can mean that they have accesses your attic or NE Norfolk chimney, NE Norfolk Snake removal should be handled by a professional that is  knowledgeable about which species is poisonous, Evidence of NE Norfolk Beaver damage can be trees that the bark has been stripped and gnawing is present. , NE Norfolk Birds in your dryer vents can cause a fire due to blockage, NE Norfolk Badger control has becoming a growing concern due to their increase in population especially in rural areas, NE Norfolk Moles in your yard can be a hazard when their are holes that are not readily visible,  NE Norfolk Vole removal can be treated much like any NE Norfolk rodent infestation, NE Norfolk Bat proofing a home means sealing every possible entrance point, NE Norfolk Bats are able to squeeze in extremely small spaces,  NE Norfolk Raccoon can cause substantial damage , NE Norfolk Squirrels can be heard running in the soffit, NE Norfolk Bird damage includes blocked vents with nesting materials, First you must find where the NE Norfolk Opossums are accessing the area under your deck, Chicken wire around a garden area can prevent NE Norfolk Groundhog damage, NE Norfolk Raccoons in your attic often mean they have sought out a place to give birth to their young,  NE Norfolk Snake exclusion  involves sealing any spaces where snakes may be entering the premises , Clean-up services may be required upon NE Norfolk Bird removal,  trapping is the most common solution for NE Norfolk Badger removal, identification is an part of assessing NE Norfolk Mole damage control,  NE Norfolk Bat exclusion can be seasonal depending on the state, NE Norfolk Raccoon control is an important part of prevention of the spread of rabies, NE Norfolk Squirrel in your attic often use insulation for bedding, NE Norfolk Birds in your vent often make nests to lay their eggs, NE Norfolk Chipmunk removal,involves sealing off the area where they have made a home for themselves in or near your home,  NWCO means Nuisance Wildlife Control Operator , ADC means animal damage control,  , An Animal Damage Controller can help you find the solution to your NE Norfolk animal problems, NE Norfolk Raccoon removal from attics and chimneys are the most common areas of disturbances in homes, NE Norfolk Squirrel damage can be seen in chewed fasia boards,  NE Norfolk Birds in vents can lead to a flea infestation, To deal with a NE Norfolk Opossum under your deck, you must first find where they are entering, NE Norfolk Groundhog damage and be hazardious to horses, NE Norfolk Chipmunks digging holes in your garden can be a nuisance, A NE Norfolk Raccoons will buld their home in an uncapped chimney, NE Norfolk Skunk smell removal can be difficult, NE Norfolk Bird problems can included nesting in gutters, A NE Norfolk Squirrel in soffit has easy access to your attic, NE Norfolk Snake exclusion invovles sealing any places where the NE Norfolk snake may acccess, NE Norfolk Beaver control involves removing the NE Norfolk beaver from the area and relocating it, NE Norfolk Badger damage often involves deep holes which can be dangerous to humans or other NE Norfolk animals, NE Norfolk Mole removal can be done with traps, poision or repellant, NE Norfolk Vole control can be achieved with bait stations, Caution must be used in NE Norfolk Bat removal as they are often carriers of rabies,  Dryer vent cleaning is essential when a nest has been removed so that the debris do not blow back into the home, NE Norfolk Raccoons in your attic can cause alot of noise and NE Norfolk fecal matter NE Norfolk Squirrel removal can be done with an exclusion trap at the entrance point, Bird spikes can be installed on roof tops for NE Norfolk Bird control, NE Norfolk Opossum damage often occurs at night as they are nocturnal animals NE Norfolk Groundhog removal can be achieved by trapping NE Norfolk Chipmunks damage plants and eat bird seed control of NE Norfolk Skunks under the porch  will sprat when your husband slams it NE Norfolk Snake in the house leave skins in the rafters baby Birds in and nest material in dryer duct can cause a fire hancock traps provide safe NE Norfolk Beaver removal from ponds creeks and streams NE Norfolk Badgers digging can hurt livestock when they step in their holes NE Norfolk Mole control  can be done with traps and or poison NE Norfolk Vole damage to plants can be expensive Dryer vent clogged with straw can be removed with a vaccuum NE Norfolk Bats in house pose a health hazzard due to the rabies virus The soffit is often an entery for NE Norfolk Raccoons, NE Norfolk squirrels in attic can cause alot of damage to your personal belongings with their gnawing and shreding of items for nesting,  NE Norfolk Bird proofing ensures that the bird will not return to perch, NE Norfolk Opossum removal is important if you own horses as their is a risk if your horses contracting EPM (Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis)  from the NE Norfolk opossums fecal matter, NE Norfolk Woodchuck damage to trees can be irriversable, NE Norfolk Chipmunk infestation can become out of control fast once it has been established, do not close the entrance for NE Norfolk Skunk under the porch before trapping, as it could lead to an even sNE Norfolker problem, A NE Norfolk Raccoon can easily distoy the soffit in trying to enter your house, In NE Norfolk Snake removal, look for warm, dark areas that they may hide, NE Norfolk Beaver damage cannot be controlled by distroying their dam alone,  NE Norfolk Birds may be living in your vents, NE Norfolk Badger control my also be clues to a need of other animal control, NE Norfolk Moles in you yard tunnel and distroy the yard,  NE Norfolk Voles removal may be nessisary when they are getting into your NE Norfolk animal feed, NE Norfolk Bat proofing sometimes consits of putting fine mesh over all vents and attic windows,  NE Norfolk Raccoon damage can be costly, NE Norfolk Squirrels in soffit can lead to a NE Norfolk squirrel infestation,  NE Norfolk Birds can cause alot of  damage to homes and buisnesses, First locate where the NE Norfolk opossums is getting under deck , NE Norfolk Groundhog damage can be extensive and hazardious around farms,  NE Norfolk Raccoons like the darkness in the attic,   A NE Norfolk Snake exclusion barrier is important in keeping NE Norfolk snakes from returning to your home, sticky boards can be used for NE Norfolk Bird removal, Risk of bovine tuberculosis in cattle can be a motivator for NE Norfolk Badger removal, plant damage can be evidance of a NE Norfolk Mole problem, NE Norfolk  Bat exclusion  can only be done by licenced professionals in many states, Covering your trash helps with NE Norfolk Raccoon control, NE Norfolk Squirrels  in your attic may sound like mice, NE Norfolk Birds in dryer vents need to be excluded, NE Norfolk Chipmunk removal in North America is on the rise, NWCO website provides answers to problems with wildlife,  ADC can be taken care of by a wildlife specialist, A Nuisance Wildlife Control Operator is available for animal control in your county,  Animal Damage Controller is a person who removes nuisance wildlife

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